This literature review offers a comprehensive analysis of food security, its historical development, and the multifaceted challenges and solutions associated with it. The review is structured to provide a deep understanding of food security's conceptual framework, its historical trajectory, and the right to food. It contextualises food sovereignty, exploring why it is essential and tracing its evolution.

The document also examines the systemic and external challenges impacting food security, such as monopolisation, economic instability, and climate-related events. Furthermore, it highlights factors that can enhance food security, from technological resilience against climate change to the promotion of local food markets and advocacy actions.

Particularly relevant to the Digital Food Print project, this review considers food security within the specific contexts of Bulgaria, Spain, and Portugal, identifying unique regional issues and potential strategies for improvement. Additionally, it surveys existing educational game models related to sustainability and food security, setting the stage for innovative approaches like the Food Pyramids card game.